1.1  Keywords, Constants, Variables and Data types: 

Background of C – Features of C –Structure of a C Program – C Tokens - Character set  – Keywords – Identifiers – Constants – Types -   Variables – Declaration of a variable- Initialization of a variables – Data types – Data type modifiers -Comments – Header files.

1.2  Operators and Expressions: 

Introduction – Arithmetic, Increment, Decrement, Relational, Logical, Conditional, Assignment, Short hand assignment, Bitwise ,  Special operators – comma and Sizeof() -  Hierarchy of operations – Assignment statement - Expressions – Integer,  real and mixed expressions – Type conversion – Implict  and explicit conversions - printf() and scanf() functions – Escape characters -  getchar() and putchar() functions – formatted and unformatted I/O functions.

1.3  Control Statements: 

Simple if statement – if-else, else-if-ladder statements –  switch statement - Looping Statements – while, do _ while and for loops - – go to, continue and break statements

1.4  Programs:

Using Operators and  Control structures

2.1  Arrays : 

Definition –  Array element and subscript - Declaration – Initialization of one dimension array elements - Two dimensional arrays – initialization of elements.

2.2  Strings: 

Introduction – Declaring ad Initializing string variables - Reading strings - Writing strings – String handling functions  – strlen() ,  strcpy() , strcmp() , strcat() and strrev() functions programs using string functions.

2.3  Functions: 

Declaration  and definition of function –  return statement - function call – passing arguments by call by value –Types of functions – Arrays and Functions -Scope and life time of variables – auto, extern, global, register - - recursive functions   Pre- defined functions : Character functions (ctype.h) – islower(), is upper(), isalpha(), to lower(), toupper() , is digit() - Math functions (math.h) – sin(), cos() , sqrt(), pow(), tan() , exp()

2.4  Programs using arrays, functions and pre-defined functions

 

3.1  Structures and  Unions: 

Structure Definition – Variable declaration – initialization – Accessing  and giving values to structures -  Structures within structures Arrays of structures – Arrays within structures – Functions and Structures – Unions – Declaration – initialization.

3.2  Pointers : 

Introduction – Advantages of pointers – Accessing the address of a variable – Declaring and Initializing pointers  – Accessing a variable through its pointer - Pointer Expressions

3.3  Relation of pointers with other elements: 

Pointers and Arrays – Pointes and functions – pointers and strings - Array of pointers to strings – Limitation of array of pointers to strings – pointers and structures.

3.4  Dynamic memory  allocation: 

Advanatges – malloc(), calloc(), realloc(0 and free() functions 

3.5  Programs using Structures, Unions and Pointers 

 

4.1  Elementary data organization: 

Data, Entity and Information - Primitive data types – Non primitive data Types – Data  structure: Definition –  Classification - Data structure operations.

4.2  Linked Lists: 

Introduction – Singly linked list - Representation – Array implementation – pointer implementation – Traversing and searching of a linked list – Memory allocation and Garbage collection – creat() getnode() and freenode() operations -  insertion at front and middle position  - deletion ( front, end and if the value is given) –  Two-way lists – Implementation - Operations on two-way lists – traversing and Searching – Insertion and Deletion operation ( at the front of the list only).

4.3  Stacks: 

Definition – Representation - Operation on stacks – Algorithms -Applications of stack: Evaluation of arithmetic expression – Conversion of infix to postfix expression - Evaluation of postfix expression – Algorithms for above applications.

4.4  Queues: 

Definition - Representation of Queue using arrays - Circular Queue , Dequeue , Priority Queue ( Definition and Examples only).

5.1  Trees: 

Basic terminologies of trees – Node, Root, Parent , Child, Link, Sibling , Level, Height, Depth, Leaf , degree  - Binary tree – Full binary tree and a complete binary tree - representation of binary tree – Linear representation - Advantages and disadvantages of linear representation - linked representation – traversing – Types - Traversal algorithms – Binary Search tree – inserting and searching items – Applications of Binary tree.

Types of Binary trees (Definition and examples only) : Expression tree - Heap tree – Threaded binary tree –  Height balanced tree– Decision tree.

5.2  Graphs: 

Definition - Graph terminologies – Directed and  Undirected graph, Weighted graph, Adjacent Vertices, Self loop, Parallel edges, Path, Cycle, indegree, out degree,  , complete graph – Connected graph - Representation of  graph –- Set representation, adjacency matrix representation - Linked representation – Comparison of representations.

5.3  Searching : 

Introduction -  Linear searching and Binary searching – Algorithms - examples

5.4  Sorting : 

Introduction – Types of sorting - Bubble sort  – Selection sort – Insertion Sort – Quick Sort - Algorithms – Examples.